{"id":13362,"date":"2016-02-03T05:08:05","date_gmt":"2016-02-03T02:08:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/archaeology.sa\/?p=13362"},"modified":"2016-02-03T05:17:01","modified_gmt":"2016-02-03T02:17:01","slug":"13362","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.archaeology.sa\/?p=13362","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"image\"<\/a>
\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"image\"<\/a>
\u062e\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637 “\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0632\u0646\u064a” \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645. (swissinfo.ch)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"image\"<\/a>
\u0625\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631) \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 – \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0646. (swissinfo.ch)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"image\"<\/a>
\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064f\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 (Bologna) \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646” \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. swissinfo.ch \u062a\u062c\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u064f\u0648\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629.
\n\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 “\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0651\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 14 \u0647\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627.
\n“\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062a\u0630\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 [\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u064a]”. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646.
\n\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u062f\u064a \u0642\u0645\u064a\u0635\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0647 (Corsier).
\n\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0631 “\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0646” (Le Manoir de Ban)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647. \u0633\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0627 \u0643\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a.
\n.
\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a
\n\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1952 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u064f\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629 (\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0651 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629).
\n\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1977 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0640\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000.
\n\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u2013 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a \u2013 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646”.
\n\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627: “\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0639\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647”.
\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n

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\n\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u064f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0642\u064f\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.
\n\u0648\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.
\n\u0648\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 “\u062f\u064a\u0632\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0644\u062f” \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642: “\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645”.
\n\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635. \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0636\u0651\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629.
\n\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 “\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064f\u0645\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644”.
\n\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: “\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0645”\u060c \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u064f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0625\u0644\u0649 60 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0643.
\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 15% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0640 “\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646” \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 “\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0646” (Gr\u00e9vin) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633.
\n“\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646” \u0623\u0648 “\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0644\u062f”
\n\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640 81 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646\u060c \u064815000 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648200000 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648.
\n\u0645\u064f\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641
\n\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0633\u064f \u0642\u0635\u0631 “\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0646” \u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647: “\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621”\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646.
\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0647 16 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u0629 \u0648150 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.
\n\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627: “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629”.
\n\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0630\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0641\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646: “\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628”.
\n(CINETECA DI BOLOGNA )
\n\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629
\n\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646
\n\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627
\n\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064f\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 (Bologna) \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646” \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633.
\n\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629
\n\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 6
\n\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628
\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0646-\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0646” \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062a\u0630\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 300000 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627.
\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062a\u062d\u064f “\u0645\u0642\u0647\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a “\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0629.
\n\u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 “\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646” \u0634\u064f\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 90% \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0648. \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f 25 \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646.
\n\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 “\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627”.
\n\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645 16 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1889 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0634\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1894 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 “\u0645\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629” \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0643\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627.
\n\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u064a.
\n\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0634\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1903. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1910. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646.
\n\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0643” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0641\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a “\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644” \u0639\u0627\u0645 1914\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f.
\n\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1919\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0648\u0646” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f.
\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629” (1931)\u060c \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629”(1936). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1947\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1952 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627.
\n\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 “\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a” \u0639\u0627\u0645 1966. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1973. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0634\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1977\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629.
\n(\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647: \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u062e\u0627\u062a)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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